The limitations where it will work are:
- mirrorless cameras
- use of camera lenses designed for (D)SLRs, inc. M42
- use of camera lenses which have manual aperture control
- maximum filter size mount of 49-52mm

You can see the pass-through electrical contacts and the plastic housing around them. In fact there are cheaper versions which do not have the electrical contacts, which provide the fittings but not the electrical contacts (and so cannot be used for autofocus or aperture control):

These are basically hollow tubes with space enough to hold a filter. So epoxying a filter step-up ring inside this allows a filter to be fitted inside the adapter:

I have standardised on 49mm filters, so I used a 40.5mm-49mm step up ring. The 40.5mm end fits nicely into the rear throat of the adpter (42mm is too big). With this adapter, made for Canon EF/EF-S fitting lenses, you can fit 49mm filters like an R72 quite easily. My Baader U with 49mm step rings permanently fixed on each side can just be squeezed through the front mouth. Here is the Baader fitted:

52mm filters are too big to get through the mouth, but can be fitted if you detach the adapter's front (lens) mount by removing the four small screws. I was able to fit my U340+S8612 sandwich, both 52mm, together with their 49mm-52mm step up ring.
In this photograph you can also see notches cut into the filter mount to help remove it if the filter is hard to unscrew.